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Pollution Around the World
If pollution stayed in one place, scientists could easily determine
where it formed. But, like so much of the atmosphere, pollution
is in regular motion. Winds carry particles and gases aloft, blowing
them around the globe until they disintegrate or fall back to Earth.
This creates a challenge for public policy leaders trying to control
the sources of pollution.
A major focus of NCAR research is tracking the paths of pollutants.
For example, scientists using a computer model in 1998 found that
50 to 60% of sulfate aerosol in the Pacific
Northwest appears to come from industrialized Asia—which may complicate
efforts to keep the Northwest’s air clean. A large
project in the summer of 2004 tracked pollution plumes as they leave
the U.S. Northeast
and head across the Atlantic.
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Daily and monthly levels of worldwide carbon monoxide pollution can be plotted and viewed at the MOPITT quick-look site. |
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In 1999, NCAR launched an Earth-orbiting monitor known as Measurements
of Pollution in the Troposphere. MOPITT measures carbon monoxide from aboard NASA's Terra spacecraft as
it circles Earth from pole to pole 16 times daily. Scientists at
NCAR are blending the new data with output from a computer model
of Earth's atmosphere to develop the world's first global long-term
maps of pollution in the lower atmosphere.
To learn more about the impacts of pollution, scientists compare
the atmosphere in relatively unpolluted places, like remote islands
in the Pacific Ocean or Antarctica, with the air over industrialized
regions. This way, scientists hope to understand the differences
between “clean” and “dirty” air. But pollution
is so far flung it even reaches areas once thought pristine. For
example, NCAR scientists and their colleagues have sampled aerosols
in the air over the southern
Indian Ocean, far downwind of India.
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